Being a landlord is not just about collecting rent — it carries significant legal responsibilities. Failure to comply can result in fines, repayment of rent, or even being banned from letting property. This guide outlines every key duty for landlords in 2025.

• Must protect deposits in a government-approved scheme within 30 days.

• Provide “prescribed information” to the tenant.

• Failure:

  • Tenant can claim up to 3x the deposit.

  • Section 21 notice becomes invalid.

• Landlords must check that all adult tenants have the legal right to rent in the UK.

• Keep copies of documents as evidence.

• Civil penalty for non-compliance: up to £20,000 per illegal occupier.

• Gas Safety Certificate (CP12) annually.

• Electrical Installation Condition Report (EICR) every 5 years.

• Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) with rating of E or above.

• Smoke alarms on every floor; carbon monoxide alarms in rooms with solid fuel appliances.

• Under the Housing Act 2004, landlords must ensure homes are “fit for human habitation”.

• Local councils can inspect and issue enforcement notices.

• Selective licensing schemes exist in many areas.

• Houses in Multiple Occupation (HMOs) usually require a licence.

• Breach of licensing rules: unlimited fine and potential rent repayment order.

• Landlords must:

  • Keep structure and exterior in repair.

  • Maintain heating, hot water, sanitation.

  • Deal with damp and disrepair issues.

• Rent repayment orders (tenant can reclaim up to 12 months’ rent).

• Banning orders for rogue landlords.

• Heavy fines for licensing breaches.

Landlord compliance is a moving target, with regulations updated frequently. Keeping on top of your duties not only avoids penalties but also builds a positive landlord-tenant relationship.